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Carole Baldwin
Interim Sant Ocean Chair, Research Zoologist and Curator of FishesDepartment / Division
Education
- B.S., James Madison University
- M.S., College of Charleston
- Ph.D., College of William and Mary
Research Interests
Ocean exploration, with the goal of contributing to our understanding of diversity and evolution of tropical marine fishes.
Publications
Report
- Girard, Matthew G., Nonaka, Ai, Baldwin, Carole C., and Johnson, G. David. 2024. Discovery and Description of Elaborate Larval Cusk-Eels and the Relationships among Acanthonus, Tauredophidium, and Xyelacyba (Teleostei: Ophidiidae). NOAA Fisheries. In NMFS Professional Paper, 24. https://doi.org/10.7755/PP.24.3.
Journal Article
- Jacquemont, Juliette, Brandl, Simon J., McFarland, Emily P., Claudet, Joachim, Baldwin, Carole C., Barrett, Jenna, and Tornabene, Luke. 2024. "Vertical structure of Caribbean deep-reef fishes from the altiphotic to deep-sea boundary." Scientific Reports, 14, (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69774-w.
- Willert, Madison S., France, Christine A. M., Hay, Mark E., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2023. "Historic trophic decline in New England's coastal marine ecosystem." Oecologia, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-023-05410-0.
- Brandl, Simon J., Weigt, Lee A., Pitassy, Diane E., Coker, Darren J., Patrick, Christopher J., Luchese, Matheus H., Berumen, Michael L., Buskey, Edward J., Casey, Jordan M., Di Domenico, Maikon, Soeth, Marcelo, Topor, Zachary M., Duffy, J. Emmett, Baldwin, Carole C., Hagedorn, Mary, and Parenti, Lynne R. 2023. "Using standardized fish-specific autonomous reef monitoring structures (FARMS) to quantify cryptobenthic fish communities." Methods in Ecology and Evolution, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14085.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Arcila, Dahiana, Robertson, D. R., and Tornabene, Luke. 2023. "Description of the First Species of Polylepion (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Atlantic Ocean with Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships of the New Species." Ichthyology & Herpetology, 111, (2). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2022075.
- Carvalho-Filho, Alfredo, Baldwin, Carole C., Fischer, Luciano G., Robertson, D. Ross, Bertoncini, Athila, Garcia, Lucas Canes, Silva, Jodir Pereira DA, and Sampaio, Claudio L. S. 2023. "Generic reassignment of Centropristis fuscula Poey, 1861 (Teleostei: Serranidae), with re-description of the species and comments on its geographical range and sexual system." Zootaxa, 5346, (1) 51–73. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5346.1.3.
- Fuentes, Katlyn M., Baldwin, Carole C., Robertson, D. Ross, Lardizabal, Claudia C., and Tornabene, Luke. 2023. "Two new species of Varicus from Caribbean deep reefs with comments on the related genus Pinnichthys (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup)." Zookeys, 1180 159–180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.107551.
- Troyer, Emily M., Betancur-R, Ricardo, Hughes, Lily C., Westneat, Mark, Carnevale, Giorgio, White, William T., Pogonoski, John J., Tyler, James C., Baldwin, Carole C., Ortí, Guillermo, Brinkworth, Andrew, Clavel, Julien, and Arcila, Dahiana. 2022. "The impact of paleoclimatic changes on body size evolution in marine fishes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119, (29). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2122486119.
- Smith, W. Leo, Girard, Matthew G., Dettai, Agnes, Baldwin, Carole C., Martin, Rene P., and Davis, Matthew P. 2022. "Molecular phylogeny of the threadfin fishes (Polynemidae) using ultraconserved elements." Journal of fish biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14997.
- Lea, Robert N., Fraser, Thomas H., Baldwin, Carole C., and Craig, Matthew T. 2022. "Five Valid Species of Cardinalfishes of the Genus Apogon (Apogonidae) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a Redescription of A. atricaudus and Notes on the Distribution of A. atricaudus and A. atradorsatus." Ichthyology & Herpetology, 110, (1). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2020137.
- Tornabene, Luke, Manning, Rachel, Robertson, D. Ross, Van Tassell, James L., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2022. "A new lineage of deep-reef gobies from the Caribbean, including two new species and one new genus (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiosomatini)." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac013.
- Santaquiteria, Aintzane, Siqueira, Alexandre C., Duarte-Ribeiro, Emanuell, Carnevale, Giorgio, White, William, Pogonoski, John, Baldwin, Carole C., Ortí, Guillermo, Arcila, Dahiana, and Betancur-R, Ricardo. 2021. "Phylogenomics and Historical Biogeography of Seahorses, Dragonets, Goatfishes, and Allies (Teleostei: Syngnatharia): Assessing Factors Driving Uncertainty in Biogeographic Inferences." Systematic Biology, 70, (6) 1145–1162. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syab028.
- Arcila, Dahiana, Hughes, Lily C., Melendez-Vazquez, Bruce, Baldwin, Carole C., White, William T., Carpenter, Kent E., Williams, Jeffrey T., Santos, Mudjekeewis D., Pogonoski, John J., Miya, Masaki, Orti, Guillermo, and Betancur-R, Ricardo. 2021. "Testing the Utility of Alternative Metrics of Branch Support to Address the Ancient Evolutionary Radiation of Tunas, Stromateoids, and Allies (Teleostei: Pelagiaria)." Systematic Biology, 70, (6) 1123–1144. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syab018.
- McFarland, Emily P., Baldwin, Carole C., Robertson, D. Ross, Rocha, Luiz A., and Tornabene, Luke. 2021. "Correction to A new species of Chromis damselfish from the tropical western Atlantic (Teleostei, Pomacentridae) (vol 1008, pg 107, 2020)." Zookeys, (1036) 171–172. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1036.65739.
- de Santana, C. David, Parenti, Lynne R., Dillman, Casey B., Coddington, Jonathan A., Bastos, Douglas A., Baldwin, Carole C., Zuanon, Jansen, Torrente-Vilara, Gislene, Covain, Raphaël, Menezes, Naércio A., Datovo, Aléssio, Sado, T., and Miya, M. 2021. "The critical role of natural history museums in advancing eDNA for biodiversity studies: a case study with Amazonian fishes." Scientific Reports, 11, (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97128-3.
- Loera-Padilla, Francisco, Piñeros, Victor Julio, Baldwin, Carole C., Cox, Courtney E., Simoes, Nuno, Ribeiro, Emanuell, Lasso-Alcalá, Oscar M., and Domínguez-Domínguez, Omar. 2021. "Phylogeography, population connectivity and demographic history of the Stoplight parrotfish, Sparisoma viride (Teleostei: Labridae), in the Greater Caribbean." Coral Reefs, 41 753–765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-020-02036-z.
- Roa-Varón, Adela, Dikow, Rebecca B., Carnevale, Giorgio, Tornabene, Luke, Baldwin, Carole C., Li, Chenhong, and Hilton, Eric J. 2021. "Confronting Sources of Systematic Error to Resolve Historically Contentious Relationships: A Case Study Using Gadiform Fishes (Teleostei, Paracanthopterygii, Gadiformes)." Systematic Biology, 70, (4) 739–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa095.
- Bertola, Laura D., Boehm, J. T., Putman, Nathan F., Xue, Alexander T., Robinson, John D., Harris, Stephen, Baldwin, Carole C., Overcast, Isaac, and Hickerson, Michael J. 2020. "Asymmetrical gene flow in five co-distributed syngnathids explained by ocean currents and rafting propensity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 287, (1926). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0657.
- Conway, Kevin W., King, Cragen D., Summers, Adam P., Kim, Daemin, Hastings, Philip A., Moore, Glenn I., Iglésias, Samuel P., Erdmann, Mark V., Baldwin, Carole C., Short, Graham, Fujiwara, Kyoji, Trnski, Thomas, Voelker, Gary, and Rüber, Lukas. 2020. "Molecular Phylogenetics of the Clingfishes (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae)-Implications for Classification." Copeia, 108, (4) 886–906. https://doi.org/10.1643/CI2020054.
- Hughes, Lily C., Orti, Guillermo, Saad, Hadeel, Li, Chenhong, White, William T., Baldwin, Carole C., Crandall, Keith A., Arcila, Dahiana, and Betancur-R, Ricardo. 2020. "Exon probe sets and bioinformatics pipelines for all levels of fish phylogenomics." Molecular Ecology Resources, https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13287.
- McFarland, Emily P., Baldwin, Carole C., Robertson, D. Ross, Rocha, Luiz A., and Tornabene, Luke. 2020. "A new species of Chromis damselfish from the tropical western Atlantic (Teleostei, Pomacentridae)." Zookeys, (1008) 107–138. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.58805.
- Pratt, Abigail, Baldwin, Carole C., and Vecchione, Michael. 2020. "Octopods of deep reefs off Curaçao, southern Caribbean, including description of one newly discovered species." Bulletin of Marine Science, 96, (2) 297–308. https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0040.
- Rincon-Sandoval, Melissa, Duarte-Ribeiro, Emanuell, Davis, Aaron M., Santaquiteria, Aintzane, Hughes, Lily C., Baldwin, Carole C., Soto-Torres, Luis, Acero P., Arturo, Walker, H. J., Jr., Carpenter, Kent E., Sheaves, Marcus, Ortí, Guillermo, Arcila, Dahiana, and Betancur-R., Ricardo. 2020. "Evolutionary determinism and convergence associated with water-column transitions in marine fishes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117, (52) 33396–33403. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006511117.
- Robertson, D. Ross, Angulo, Arturo, Baldwin, Carole C., Pitassy, Diane, Driskell, Amy, Weigt, Lee, and Navarro, Ignacio J. F. 2020. "Misidentification of Bellator gymnostethus (Gilbert, 1892) as Prionotus ruscarius Gilbert & Starks, 1904 (Scorpaeniformes: Triglidae)." Zootaxa, 4852, (1) 142. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4852.1.8.
- Robertson, D. Ross, Estapé, Carlos J., Estapé, Allison M., Peña, Ernesto, Tornabene, Luke, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2020. "The marine fishes of St Eustatius Island, northeastern Caribbean: an annotated, photographic catalog." ZooKeys, 1007 145–180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.58515.
- Willert, Madison S., France, Christine A. M., Brooks, Barrett L., Baldwin, Carole C., and Hay, Mark E. 2020. "Effects of formalin preservation on carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of seaweeds: A foundation for looking back in time." Limnology and Oceanography-Methods, https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10397.
- Brandl, Simon J., Morais, Renato A., Casey, Jordan M., Parravicini, Valeriano, Tornabene, Luke, Goatley, Christopher H. R., Côté, Isabelle M., Baldwin, Carole C., Schiettekatte, Nina M. D., and Bellwood, David R. 2019. "Response to Comment on "Demographic dynamics of the smallest marine vertebrates fuel coral reef ecosystem functioning"." Science, 366, (6472) Article eaaz1301. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz1301.
- Brandl, Simon J., Tornabene, Luke, Goatley, Christopher H. R., Casey, Jordan M., Morais, Renato A., Côté, Isabelle M., Baldwin, Carole C., Parravicini, Valeriano, Schiettekatte, Nina M. D., and Bellwood, David R. 2019. "Demographic dynamics of the smallest marine vertebrates fuel coral-reef ecosystem functioning." Science, 364, (6446) 1189–1192. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav3384.
- Julio Pineros, Victor, Gabriela Beltran-Lopez, Rosa, Baldwin, Carole C., Barraza, Enrique, Espinoza, Eduardo, Esteban Martinez, Juan, and Dominguez-Dominguez, Omar. 2019. "Diversification of the genus Apogon (Lacepede, 1801) (Apogonidae: Perciformes) in the tropical eastern Pacific." Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 132 232–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.010.
- Moran, Benjamin M., Hench, Kosmas, Waples, Robin S., Hoeppner, Marc P., Baldwin, Carole C., McMillan, William Owen, and Puebla, Oscar. 2019. "The evolution of microendemism in a reef fish (Hypoplectrus maya)." Molecular ecology, 28, (11) 2872–2885. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15110.
- Robertson, D. Ross, Baldwin, Carole C., Bellwood, David, Pyle, Richard, Smith-Vaniz, William, Tornabene, Luke, and Van Tassell, James L. 2019. "Aspiration or Expiration: Hypoxia and the Interpretation of Fish Predation in the Fossil Record." Palaios, 34, (5) 245–247. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2019.027.
- Tornabene, Luke and Baldwin, Carole C. 2019. "Psilotris vantasselli, a new species of goby from the tropical western Atalntic (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiosomatini: Nes subgroup)." Zootaxa, 4624, (2) 191–204. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4624.2.3.
- Uiblein, Franz, Nielsen, Jørgen G., Baldwin, Carole C., Quattrini, Andrea M., and Robertson, D. Ross. 2019. "Discovery of a Distinctive Spotted Color Pattern in the Cuskeel Neobythites unicolor (Teleostei, Ophidiidae) Based on Underwater-Vehicle Dives, with New Records from the Southern and Eastern Caribbean." Copeia, 107, (2) 277–286. https://doi.org/10.1643/CI-18-148.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Tornabene, Luke, and Robertson, D. Ross. 2018. "Below the Mesophotic." Scientific Reports, 8 4920–4920. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23067-1.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Tornabene, Luke, Robertson, D. Ross, Nonaka, Ai, and Gilmore, R. Grant. 2018. "More new deep-reef basslets (Teleostei, Grammatidae, Lipogramma), with updates on the eco-evolutionary relationships within the genus." Zookeys, (729) 129–161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21842.
- Hughes, Lily C., Ortí, Guillermo, Huang, Yu, Sun, Ying, Baldwin, Carole C., Thompson, Andrew W., Arcila, Dahiana, Betancur-R, Ricardo, Li, Chenhong, Becker, Leandro, Bellora, Nicolás, Zhao, Xiaomeng, Li, Xiaofeng, Wang, Min, Fang, Chao, Xie, Bing, Zhou, Zhuocheng, Huang, Hai, Chen, Songlin, Venkatesh, Byrappa, and Shi, Qiong. 2018. "Comprehensive phylogeny of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) based on transcriptomic and genomic data." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115, (24) 6249–6254. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719358115.
- Tornabene, Luke, Robertson, D. Ross, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2018. "A new species of Lipogramma from deep reefs of Roatan, Honduras (Teleostei, Grammatidae)." ZooKeys, (809) 79–95. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.809.29280.
- Anderson, William D., Baldwin, Carole C., Carvalho Filho, Alfredo, and Vaske, Jr, Teodoro. 2017. "Redescription of the jeweled gemfish, Anthias asperilinguis (Serranidae: Anthiadinae), with comments on its ontogeny, phylogeny, and ecology." Aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 23 73–95.
- Hoeksema, Bert W., Bongaerts, Pim, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2017. "High coral cover at lower mesophotic depths: a dense Agaricia community at the leeward side of Curaçao, Dutch Caribbean." Marine Biodiversity, 47, (1) 67–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0431-8.
- Page, Lawrence M., Baldwin, Carole C., Espinosa-Pérez, Héctor, Findley, Lloyd T., Gilbert, Carter R., Hartel, Karsten E., Lea, Robert N., Mandrak, Nicholas E., Schmitter-Soto, Juan J., and Walker, H. J., Jr. 2017. "Taxonomy of Gila in the Lower Colorado River Basin of Arizona and New Mexico." Fisheries, 42, (9) 456–460. https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2017.1356108.
- Robertson, D. Ross, Angulo, Arturo, Baldwin, Carole C., Pitassy, Diane E., Driskell, Amy, Weigt, Lee A., and Navarro, Ignacio J. F. 2017. "Deep-water bony fishes collected by the B/O Miguel Oliver on the shelf edge of Pacific Central America: an annotated, illustrated and DNA-barcoded checklist." Zootaxa, 4348, (1) 1–125. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4348.1.1.
- Tornabene, Luke and Baldwin, Carole C. 2017. "A new mesophotic goby, Palatogobius incendius (Teleostei: Gobiidae), and the first record of invasive lionfish preying on undescribed biodiversity." Plos One, 12, (5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177179.
- Angulo, Arturo, Baldwin, Carole C., and Robertson, D. Ross. 2016. "A new species of Leptoderma Vaillant, 1886 (Osmeriformes: Alepocephalidae) from the Pacific coast of Central America." Zootaxa, 4066, (4) 493–500. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4066.4.10.
- Attaran-Farimani, Gilan, Estekani, Sanaz, Springer, Victor G., Crimmen, Oliver, Johnson, G. David, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2016. "Validation of the synonymy of the teleost blenniid fish species Salarias phantasticus Boulenger 1897 and Salarias anomalus Regan 1905 with Ecsenius pulcher (Murray 1887) based on DNA barcoding and morphology." Zootaxa, 4072, (2) 171. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.2.2.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Pitassy, Diane E., and Robertson, D. Ross. 2016. "A new deep-reef scorpionfish (Teleostei, Scorpaenidae, Scorpaenodes) from the southern Caribbean with comments on depth distributions and relationships of western Atlantic members of the genus." ZooKeys, 606 141–158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.606.8590.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Robertson, D. Ross, Nonaka, Ai, and Tornabene, Luke M. 2016. "Two new deep-reef basslets (Teleostei, Grammatidae, Lipogramma), with comments on the eco-evolutionary relationships of the genus." ZooKeys, 638 45–82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.638.10455.
- Sun, Ying, Huang, Yu, Li, Xiaofeng, Baldwin, Carole C., Zhou, Zhuocheng, Yan, Zhixiang, Crandall, Keith A., Zhang, Yong, Zhao, Xiaomeng, Wang, Min, Wong, Alex, Fang, Chao, Zhang, Xinhui, Huang, Hai, Lopez, Jose V., Kilfoyle, Kirk, Ortí, Guillermo, Venkatesh, Byrappa, and Shi, Qiong. 2016. "Fish-T1K (Transcriptomes of 1,000 Fishes) Project: large-scale transcriptome data for fish evolution studies." GigaScience, 5, (1) s13742-016-0124-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-016-0124-7.
- Tornabene, Luke M., Robertson, D. Ross, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2016. "Varicus lacerta, a new species of goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup) from a mesophotic reef in the southern Caribbean." ZooKeys, 596 143–156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.8217.
- Tornabene, Luke M., Van Tassell, James L., Robertson, D. Ross, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2016. "Repeated invasions into the twilight zone: evolutionary origins of a novel assemblage of fishes from deep Caribbean reefs." Molecular ecology, 25, (15) 3662–3682. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13704.
- Tornabene, Luke, Van Tassell, James L., Gilmore, Richard G., Robertson, D. Ross, Young, Forrest, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2016. "Molecular phylogeny, analysis of character evolution, and submersible collections enable a new classification of a diverse group of gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Nes subgroup), including nine new species and four new genera." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177, (4) 764–812. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12394.
- Anderson, William D., Jr., Johnson, G. David, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2015. "Review of the Splendid Perches, Callanthias (Percoidei: Callanthiidae)." Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 105, (3) 1–126.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Robertson, D. Ross. 2015. "A new, mesophotic Coryphopterus goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae) from the southern Caribbean, with comments on relationships and depth distributions within the genus." Zookeys, 513 123–142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.513.9998.
- Rocha, Luiz A., Rocha, Claudia R., Baldwin, Carole C., Weigt, Lee A., and McField, Melanie D. 2015. "Invasive lionfish preying on critically endangered reef fish - Springer." Coral Reefs, 34, (3) 803–806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-015-1293-z.
- Vaslet, A., Phillips, D. L., France, Christine A. M., Feller, Ilka C., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2015. "Trophic behaviour of juvenile reef fishes inhabiting interlinked mangrove-seagrass habitats in offshore mangrove islets." Journal of fish biology, 87, (2) 256–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12715.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 2014. "Connectivity across the Caribbean Sea: DNA Barcoding and Morphology Unite an Enigmatic Fish Larva from the Florida Straits with a New Species of Sea Bass from Deep Reefs off Curaçao." PLoS ONE, 9, (5) 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097661.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Robertson, D. Ross. 2014. "A new Liopropoma sea bass (Serranidae, Epinephelinae, Liopropomini) from deep reefs off Curaçao, southern Caribbean, with comments on depth distributions of western Atlantic liopropomins." ZooKeys, 409 71–92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.409.7249.
- Conway, Kevin W., Baldwin, Carole C., and White, Macaulay D. 2014. "Cryptic Diversity and Venom Glands in Western Atlantic Clingfishes of the Genus Acyrtus (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae)." PLoS ONE, 9, (5) 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097664.
- Rocha, L. A., Aleixo, A., Allen, G., Almeda, F., Baldwin, Carole C., Barclay, M. V. L., Bates, J. M., Bauer, A. M., Benzoni, F., Berns, C. M., Berumen, M. L., Blackburn, D. C., Blum, S., Bolanos, F., Bowie, R. C. K., Britz, R., Brown, R. M., Cadena, C. D., Carpenter, K., Ceriaco, L. M., Chakrabarty, P., Chaves, G., Choat, J. H., Clements, K. D., Collette, Bruce B. et al. 2014. "Specimen collection: An essential tool." Science, 344, (6186) 814–815. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.344.6186.814.
- Baldwin, Carole C. 2013. "The phylogenetic significance of colour patterns in marine teleost larvae." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 168, (3) 496–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12033.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Robertson, D. Ross. 2013. "A new Haptoclinus blenny (Teleostei, Labrisomidae) from deep reefs off Curaçao, southern Caribbean, with comments on relationships of the genus." ZooKeys, 306 71–81. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5198.
- Boehm, J. T., Woodall, Lucy, Teske, Peter R., Lourie, Sara A., Baldwin, Carole C., Waldman, John, and Hickerson, Mike. 2013. "Marine dispersal and barriers drive Atlantic seahorse diversification." Journal of Biogeography, 40, (10) 1839–1849. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12127.
- Chakrabarty, Prosanta, Warren, Melanie, Page, Lawrence, and Baldwin, Carole C. 2013. "GenSeq: An updated nomenclature and ranking for genetic sequences from type and non-type sources." ZooKeys, 346 29–41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.346.5753.
- Fishelson, Lev, Baldwin, Carole C., and Hastings, Philip A. 2013. "Gonad morphology, gametogenesis, and reproductive modes in fishes of the tribe starksiini (teleostei, blenniiformes)." Journal of Morphology, 274, (5) 496–511. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20110.
- Frable, Benjamin W., Baldwin, Carole C., Luther, Brendan M., and Weigt, Lee A. 2013. "A new species of western Atlantic lizardfish (Teleostei: Synodontidae: Synodus) and resurrection of Synodus bondi Fowler, 1939, as a valid species from the Caribbean with redescriptions of S. bondi, S. foetens (Linnaeus, 1766), and S. intermedius (Agassiz, 1829)." Fishery Bulletin, 111, (2) 122–146. https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.111.2.2.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Weigt, Lee A. 2012. "A New Species of Soapfish (Teleostei: Serranidae: Rypticus), with Redescription of R. subbifrenatus and Comments on the Use of DNA Barcoding in Systematic Studies." Copeia, 2012, (1) 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1643/CG-11-035.
- Fishelson, Lev, Baldwin, Carole C., and Hastings, Philip A. 2012. "Comparison of the oropharyngeal cavity in the Starksiini (Teleostei: Blenniiformes: Labrisomidae): Taste buds and teeth, including a comparison with closely-related genera." Journal of Morphology, 273, (6) 618–628. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20008.
- McCosker, John E., Long, Douglas J., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2012. "Description of a new species of deepwater catshark, Bythaelurus giddingsi sp nov., from the Galapagos Islands (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae)." Zootaxa, (3221) 48–59.
- Vaslet, Amandine, France, Christine A. M., Baldwin, Carole C., and Feller, Ilka C. 2012. "Dietary habits of juveniles of the Mayan cichlid Cichlasoma urophthalmus, in mangrove ponds of an offshore islet in Belize, Central America." Neotropical Ichthyology, 10, (3) 667–674. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252012000300021.
- Vaslet, Amandine, Phillips, D. L., France, Christine A. M., Feller, Ilka C., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2012. "The relative importance of mangroves and seagrass beds as feeding areas for resident and transient fishes among different mangrove habitats in Florida and Belize: Evidence from dietary and stable-isotope analyses." Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology, 434-435 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.07.024.
- Weigt, Lee A., Baldwin, Carole C., Driskell, Amy C., Smith, David G., Ormos, Andrea, and Reyier, Eric A. 2012. "Using DNA Barcoding to Assess Caribbean Reef Fish Biodiversity: Expanding Taxonomic and Geographic Coverage." PLoS ONE, 7, (7) 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041059.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Brito, Balam J., Smith, David G., Weigt, Lee A., and Escobar-Briones, Elva. 2011. "Identification of early life-history stages of Caribbean Apogon (Perciformes: Apogonidae) through DNA Barcoding." Zootaxa, (3133) 1–36.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Castillo, Cristina I., Weigt, Lee A., and Victor, Benjamin C. 2011. "Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species." Zookeys, (79) 21–72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045.
- Vaslet, Amandine, France, Christine A. M., Phillips, D. L., Feller, Ilka C., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2011. "Stable‐isotope analyses reveal the importance of seagrass beds as feeding areas for juveniles of the speckled worm eel Myrophis punctatus (Teleostei: Ophichthidae) in Florida." Journal of Fish Biology, 79, (3) 692–706. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03052.x.
- Poss, Stuart G., McCosker, John E., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2010. "A New Species of Scorpaenodes (Pisces: Scorpaenidae)from the Galápagos and Cocos Islands with Discussions of the Limits of Scorpaenodes and Thysanichthys." Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 61, (2) 235–267.
- Tornabene, Luke, Baldwin, Carole C., Weigt, Lee A., and Pezold, Frank L. 2010. "Exploring the diversity of western Atlantic Bathygobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) with cytochrome c oxidase-I, with descriptions of two new species." Aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology, 16, (4) 141–170.
- Wittenrich, Matthew L., Baldwin, Carole C., and Turingan, Ralph G. 2010. "Larval development of laboratory-reared Green Mandarinfish, Synchiropus splendidus (Teleostei: Callionymidae)." Aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology, 16, (1) 7–18.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Mounts, Julie H., Smith, David G., and Weigt, Lee A. 2009. "Genetic identification and color descriptions of early life-history stages of Belizean Phaeoptyx and Astrapogon (Teleostei: Apogonidae) with Comments on identification of adult Phaeoptyx." Zootaxa, (2008) 1–22.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Leis, J. M. 2007. "Rainfordia opercularis, a liopropomin serranid (Teleostei: Serranidae: Epinephelinae): corroborative evidence from settlement-stage larvae." Ichthyological Research, 2007, (54) 193–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-006-0390-y.
- Castellanos-Galindo, G. A., Rincon, A. R., Beltran-Leon, B., Zapata, L. A., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2006. "Check list of gadiform, ophidiiform and lophiiform fishes from Colombian waters of the tropical eastern Pacific." Biota Colombiana, 7, (2) 191–209.
- Castellanos-Galindo, G. A., Rincon, F. A., Beltran-Leon, B. S., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2006. "Check list of stomiiform, aulopiform and myctophiform fishes from Colombian waters of the tropical eastern Pacific." Biota Colombiana, 7, (2) 245–262.
- Van Tassell, James L. and Baldwin, Carole C. 2004. "A Review of the Gobiid Genus Akko (Teleostei: Gobiidae) With Description of a New Species." Zootaxa, (1) 1–15.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Smith, David G. 2003. "Larval gobiidae (teleostei : perciformes) of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, central America." Bulletin of Marine Science, 72, (3) 639–674.
- Smith, C. Lavett, Tyler, James C., Davis, William P., Jones, Robert S., Smith, David G., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2003. "Fishes of the Pelican Cays, Belize." Atoll Research Bulletin, 497 1–88. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00775630.497.1.
- Anderson, William D., Jr. and Baldwin, Carole C. 2002. "Plectranthias lamillai Rojas and Pequeno, 1998: A junior synonym of Plectranthias exsul Heemstra and Anderson, 1983." Copeia, (1) 233–238.
- Randall, John E., Baldwin, Carole C., and Williams, Jeffrey T. 2002. "Pseudogramma xanthum, a new, replacement name for a species of serranid fish from the subtropical South Pacific Ocean." Zootaxa, 40 1–8.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and McCosker, John E. 2001. "Wrasses of the Galapagos Islands, with the description of a new deepwater species of Halichoeres (Perciformes: Labridae)." Revista De Biología Tropical, 49, (Suppl 1) 89–100.
- Anderson, William D., Jr. and Baldwin, Carole C. 2000. "A new species of Anthias (Teleostei : Serranidae : Anthiinae) from the Galapagos Islands, with keys to Anthias and eastern Pacific Anthiinae." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113, (2) 369–385.
- Baldwin, Carole C. 2000. "Galapagos: Islands of Change." Science Scope, 23, (4) 32–33.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1999. "Paxton concilians: A new genus and species of pseudamine apogonid (Teleostei : Percoidei) from northwestern Australia: The sister group of the enigmatic Gymnapogon." Copeia, (4) 1050–1071.
- Hendler, G., Baldwin, Carole C., Smith, David G., and Thacker, C. E. 1999. "Planktonic dispersal of juvenile brittle stars (Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea) on a Caribbean reef." Bulletin of Marine Science, 65, (1) 283–288.
- Smith, David G. and Baldwin, Carole C. 1999. "Psilotris amblyrhynchus, a new seven-spined goby (Teleostei : Gobiidae) from Belize, with notes on settlement-stage larvae." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 112, (2) 433–442.
- Baldwin, Carole C. 1998. "Review. The Fishes of the Galápagos Islands. 1977. Jack Stein Grove and Robert J. Lavenberg." American Zoologist, 38 583–590.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Smith, W. L. 1998. "Belonoperca pylei, a new species of seabass (Teleostei : Serranidae : Epinephelinae : Diploprionini) from the Cook Islands with comments on relationships among diploprionins." Ichthyological Research, 45, (4) 325–339.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Johnson, G. David, and Paxton, John R. 1997. "Protoblepharon rosenblatti, a new genus and species of flashlight fish (Beryciformes: Anomalopidae) from the tropical South Pacific, with comments on anomalopid phylogeny." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 110, (3) 373–383.
- Almany, G. R. and Baldwin, Carole C. 1996. "A new Atlantic species of Acanthemblemaria (Teleostei: Blennioidei: Chaenopsidae): Morphology and relationships." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 109, (3) 419–429.
- Johnson, G. David, Baldwin, Carole C., Okiyama, M., and Tominaga, Y. 1996. "Osteology and relationships of Pseudotrichonotus altivelis (Teleostei:Aulopiformes:Pseudotrichonotidae)." Ichthyological Research, 43, (1) 17–45.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1995. "A Larva of the Atlantic Flashlight Fish, Kryptophanaron Alfredi (Beryciformes, Anomalopidae), with a Comparison of Beryciform and Stephanoberyciform Larvae." Bulletin of Marine Science, 56, (1) 1–24.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1994. "[Review of] FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the World (Family Serranidae, Subfamily Epinephelinae). 1993. By Philip C. Heemstra and John E. Randall." Copeia, 1994, (4) 1058–1061.
- Johnson, G. David and Baldwin, Carole C. 1994. "Accounting for Endothermy in Fishes." Science, 265, (5176) 1249–1250.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1993. "Phylogeny of the Epinephelinae (Teleostei, Serranidae)." Bulletin of Marine Science, 52, (1) 240–283.
- Olney, J. E., Johnson, G. David, and Baldwin, Carole C. 1993. "Phylogeny of lampridiform fishes." Bulletin of Marine Science, 52 137–169.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1991. "A Larva of the Poorly Known Serranid Fish Jeboehlkia-Gladifer (Teleostei, Serranidae, Epinephelinae)." Fishery Bulletin, 89, (3) 535–537.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Johnson, G. David, and Colin, Patrick L. 1991. "Larvae of Diploprion bifasciatum, Belonoperca chabanaudi and Grammistes sexlineatus (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) with a Comparison of Known Larvae of Other Epinephelines." Bulletin of Marine Science, 48, (1) 67–93.
Book
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Bemis, Katherine E., editors. 2022. Tributes to Victor G. Springer In celebration of his 94th birthday. Washington, DC: Division of Fishes, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. https://doi.org/10.5479/10088/114290.
- Kells, Valerie A., Rocha, Luiz A., and Baldwin, Carole C. 2022. A Field Guide to Coastal Fishes of Bermuda, Bahamas, and the Caribbean Sea. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Mounts, Julie H. and Baldwin, Carole C. 2003. One Fish, Two Fish, Crawfish, Bluefish: The Smithsonian Sustainable Seafood Cookbook. Washington, DC;London: Smithsonian Books.
Dataset
- McFarland, Emily, Baldwin, Carole C., Robertson, D. Ross, Rocha, Luiz, and Tornabene, Luke M. 2020. [Dataset] Alignments of Sequence Data for Phylogenetic Analysis of Damsel. Distributed by Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.H9W0VT4GR.
- Tornabene, Luke and Baldwin, Carole C. 2017. [Dataset] A new mesophotic goby, Palatogobius incendius (Teleostei: Gobiidae), and the first record of invasive lionfish preying on undescribed biodiversity. Distributed by Dryad Digital Repository.
Book Chapter
- Frade, Pedro R., Bongaerts, Pim, Baldwin, Carole C., Trembanis, Arthur C., Bak, Rolf P. M., and Vermeij, Mark J. A. 2019. "Bonaire and Curaçao." In Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Loya, Yossi, Puglise, Kimberly A., and Bridge, Tom C. L., editors. 149–162. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. In Coral Reefs of the World.
- Baldwin, Carole C. 2013. "Deep reef observation project (DROP):a Smithsonian-substation Curaçao collaboration." In Proceedings of the Joint International Scientific Diving Symposium American Academy of Underwater Sciences And European Scientific Diving Panel. Lang, Michael A. and Sayer, Martin D. J., editors. 13–15.
- Weigt, Lee A., Driskell, Amy C., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ormos, Andrea. 2012. "DNA barcoding fishes." In DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols. 109–126. Humana Press. 858 in Methods in molecular biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-591-6_6.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Weight, Lee, Smith, David G., and Mounts, Julie H. 2009. "Reconciling genetic lineages with species in western Atlantic Coryphopterus (Teleostei: Gobiidae)." In Proceedings of the Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium. 111–138. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. In Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 38. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.01960768.38.111.
- Richards, William J., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ropke, A. 2005. "Chapter 119, Serranidae: Sea Basses." In Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic. Richards, William J., editor. 1224. Taylor & Francis.
- Richards, William J., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ropke, A. 2005. "Subfamily Anthiinae." In Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic, Volume 1. Richards, William J., editor. 1314–1331. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
- Richards, William J., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ropke, A. 2005. "Subfamily Epinephelinae." In Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic, Volume 1. Richards, William J., editor. 1250–1313. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
- Richards, William J., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ropke, A. 2005. "Subfamily Serraninae." In Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic, Volume 1. Richards, William J., editor. 1230–1249. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
- Richards, William J., Baldwin, Carole C., and Ropke, A. 2005. "Serranidae: Sea basses." In Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Gide for the Western Central North Atlantic, Volume 1. Richards, William J., editor. 1225–1229. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
- Baldwin, Carole C., Leis, J. M., and Rennis, D. S. 2000. "Epinephelinae, Tribes Niphonini and Epinephelini (Groupers, Rock-cods, Coral trouts)." In The Larvae of Indo-Pacific Coastal fishes. An Identification Guide to Marine Fish Larvae. Leis, J. M. and Carson-Ewart, B. M., editors. 377–382. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
- Miskiewicz, A. G., Baldwin, Carole C., Leis, J. M., and Rennis, D. S. 2000. "Callanthiidae (Yellow-fin Basses, Splendid Perches)." In The Larvae of Indo-Pacific Coastal Fishes. An Identification Guide to Marine Fish Larvae. Leis, J. M. and Carson-Ewart, B. M., editors. 280–284. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
- Baldwin, Carole C. and Johnson, G. David. 1996. "Interrelationships of Aulopiformes." In Interrelationships of Fishes. Stiassny, M. L. J., Parenti, Lynne R., and Johnson, G. David, editors. 355–404. New York: Academic Press.
Book Review
- Baldwin, Carole C. 1998. [Book review] "Fishes, Crayfishes, and Crabs. Louis Renard's Natural History of the Rarest Curiosities of the Seas of the Indies. Volume I: Commentary and English Text; Volume II: Facsimile and Plates. Edited by T.W. Pietsch." The Quarterly review of biology, 73, 58.
Conference Proceedings
- Baldwin, Carole C., Collette, Bruce B., Parenti, Lynne R., Smith, David G., and Springer, Victor G. 1996. "Collecting Fishes." from Methods and techniques of underwater research: proceedings of the American academy of underwater sciences 1996 scientific diving symposium, Smithsonian Institution Washington D.C., USA. in Methods and techniques of underwater research: proceedings of the American academy of underwater sciences 1996 scientific diving symposium, Smithsonian Institution Washington D.C., USA.. 11–34. Washington, DC: American Academy of Underwater Sciences.